The cartoon was a warning during the French and Indian War. The woman posing as Britannia is Lady Wolverton, the wife of 4th Baron Wolverton. Unique histories from the 18th and 19th centuries. Painting —> Scott, David. Protée, 33(1), 39-48. Bye-bye, world. "If at this moment it has been decided to invade the Ameer's territory, we are acting in pursuance of a policy which in its intention has been uniformly FRIENDLY to Afghanistan." Oil on canvas. This lavish map gathers many aspects that convey the idea of power and encompasses an entire range of personifications and symbols. XVIII. The map represents Britannia seating on a globe supported by Atlas and she is gazing down at the peoples of her empire. The lion represent the King of the British Empire. [You may use this image without prior permission for any scholarly or educational purpose as long as you (1) credit the photographer and (2) link your document to this URL in a web document or cite the Victorian Web in a print one.] The chariot is drawn on the sea by seahorses. The work depicts the massacre of soldiers in Cawnpore, an important British garrison town at that time where about 900 British men and women lived during the Indian Rebellion in 1857. In this painting, the representation of Britannia is a tribute to Queen Victoria. The man wearing a beard represents industry while trade is represented by the man holding the golden stick and navigation is embodied by the woman behind them. To make the support palatable to the public, the U.S. received in return rights to British bases. Three lions are the symbol for England. Here a relatively new medium, photography, records a somewhat bizarre combination of traditional heraldry and ancient arms and armour. The British Lion's Vengeance on the Bengal Tiger. Join now. Add to Cart Filename By the seventeenth century, Britannia was used in England to celebrate English monarchy and power, as the monarch, it was thought, embodied the state. A Study at the International Cattle Show, she's Disraeli’s companion who turns away in disgust at Russia. As she became a national icon, Britannia became under the control of the government or other judicial authorities in order to protect and assure her immediate recognition. 2005. British cartoon published in 1919 commenting on events at Amritsar The National Archives > Education > British Empire The interactive parts of this resource no longer work, but it has been archived so you can continue using the rest of it. [Victorian Web Home —> Search by Search ID or Tag or use the Advanced Search, Artist:UnknownSearch ID:csl4039High Res:3000x2153 pixels (unwatermarked)Tags:empire, imperial, imperialism, british empire, eastern question, the eastern question, turkey, ottoman empire, balkans, punishment, education, civilisation, government, politics, political, politician, politicians, liberal, liberals, gladstone, william gladstone, Artist:Gillray, JamesSearch ID:csl1069High Res:2960x2166 pixels (unwatermarked)Tags:india, british india, east india company, east india, british east india, empire, british empire, scotland, scot, scots, scottish, dundas, henry dundas, pitt, william pitt, pitt the younger, william pitt the younger, corruption, corrupt, dundas, henry dundas, india act, Artist:Tenniel, Sir JohnSearch ID:csl0133High Res:1875x2200 pixels (unwatermarked)Tags:india, british india, raj, great game, afghan, afghans, afganistan, pakistan, imperialism, british imperialism, empire, british empire, sepoy, sepoys, sikh, sikhs, maizar, Artist:Tenniel, Sir JohnSearch ID:csl0143High Res:2200x1839 pixels (unwatermarked)Tags:baring, evelyn baring, lord cromer, egypt, egyptian, egyptians, nationalism, egyptian nationalism, british foreign policy, british imperialism, imperialism, foreign policy, sphinx, empire, british empire, africa, scramble for africa, orientalism, Artist:Gillray, JamesSearch ID:csl1297High Res:3000x2250 pixels (unwatermarked)Tags:india, british india, east india company, east india, british east india, empire, british empire, hastings, warren hastings, fox, charles james fox, lord north, north, burke, edmund burke, warren hastings trial, Artist:Tenniel, Sir JohnSearch ID:csl0145High Res:1495x2000 pixels (unwatermarked)Tags:post, mail, royal mail, penny post, colonial penny post, international penny post, britannia, empire, british empire, Artist:UnknownSearch ID:csl1967High Res:3252x4149 pixels (unwatermarked)Tags:india, queen of india, accession, monarch, monarch, queen, queens, royal, royals, royalty, indian government, empire, empires, british empire, the empire, the british empire, indian mutiny, victoria, queen victoria, east india company, crown, empress, empress of india, Artist:Tenniel, Sir JohnSearch ID:csl0149High Res:1694x2215 pixels (unwatermarked)Tags:south africa, boer war, boer, boers, transvaal, imperialism, british imperialism, foreign policy, british foreign policy, chamberlain, joseph chamberlain, british empire, empire, africa, scramble for africa, militarism, war, wars, john bull, jingoism, Artist:Bowers, G.Search ID:csl3494High Res:2158x1618 pixels (unwatermarked)Tags:russia, russian, russian empire, emperor of russia, russian emperor, empire, empires, tsar, tsars, czar, czars, balkan, balkans, war, wars, tension, tensions, russian expansion, anglo russian tensions, britain, british empire, land, hunt, hunting, opinion, opinions, imperial, Artist:Tenniel, Sir JohnSearch ID:csl0150High Res:2000x1648 pixels (unwatermarked)Tags:south africa, boer war, boer, boers, imperialism, british imperialism, foreign policy, british foreign policy, british empire, africa, scramble for africa, militarism, cronje, piet cronje, general cronje, general roberts, frederick roberts, lord roberts, south african war, Customer HomeLog inMy AccountMy LightboxesPricingLicensing Agreement, CartoonsCartoonistsCategoriesKeywordsSearchMobile, Need Help?Contact UsFAQSearch TipsAbout UsTerms & ConditionsContent PolicyPrivacy Policy. Trained to Empire, trained to rule the waves. It was published for the Colonial and Indian Exhibition in 1886 and aimed at stating Britannia's position in the world. After the rebellion, the British reacted violently against the Indian mutineers. William Dyce. 2 In the first cartoon on the left, in which Britannia dismisses Disraeli as Prime Minister, “giving him the sack,” she is the center of power. Imperial Federation Map of the World Showing the Extent of the British Empire in 1886. Web. She embraces the industrial era and the Industrial Revolution that it brought about. In a way, “she personifies the virtues of the middle-class” (Matthews, p.819). Web. In this painting they are not the enemies of the Indians, but they are the enemies of barbarism, the opposite of civilisation. Voices in the United Kingdom raised against the British violence of the British retributions, but public opinion supported "the righteous revenge" (Banerjee). - Times, Nov. 21. Two cartoons featuring Britannia by John Leech: Left: No. Somewhat different figures for trade are given in Cristopher Bayly's Atlas of the British Empire and T.O. The cartoon expresses the situation of the British Empire. 1. In the 16th century Britain began to establish overseas colonies. Here, at the end of the Victorian Era, Britannia successfully managed to represent her people — well, at least members of the upper, most powerful classes — who then came to personify her. When Queen Victoria ascended the throne in 1837, Britannia became conflated with her, as she was sometimes depicted with Queen Victoria’s features. It began with the overseas possessions and trading posts established by England between the late 16th and early 18th centuries. diamond1804094 05/04/2017 Geography Middle School +5 pts. Buy hi-res Downloads for licensed reproduction, Cartoon … It is a fresco commissioned by Prince Albert for Osborne House in 1846. Representations of Britannia had to have stable and settled meanings. Web. The lion (red on yellow background) is the symbol of Scotland. The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom (UK), that had originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. Connie Sachs, Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy, by John le Carré [David Cornwell], 1974, 1991, 2002, Pocket Books, p.114 In the animated GIF file above, not all British possessions of 1937 are represented, only select ones for each of the 24 time zones of the Earth. This decline of Roman imperial power obviously allowed the symbol’s revival as a symbol of national pride and power. Web. In A Dangerous Crossing, she's a timid woman worried about Disraeli’s policies, while in The Russian Pig. Category:Lion of the British Empire. More than that, one has to bear in mind that Britannia was not simply the personification of the British Isles as a mere w… Middle right: A Dangerous Crossing Right: The Russian Pig. The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom (UK), that had originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. Dec 18, 2020 - Explore John Doles's board "Imperialism Political Cartoons" on Pinterest. The famous photographer James Lafayette photographed the guests at Devonshire House (Meadows). In the historical sense the term dated from the mid-19th century. " A political cartoon, a type of editorial cartoon, is a cartoon graphic with caricatures of public figures, expressing the artist's opinion. “He is a curious mixture of the lion, mule and octopus,” gobbling up territories along the route to India: Gibraltar, the Cape, … Very often Britannia was represented on coins, which was a political tool, for coins were used throughout the Empire. Victorian caricatures made great use of Britannia. Log in. Grover Cleveland, tariff reform, Puck magazine, 1888, taming the British lion, clawing trade from British empire Cecil Rhodes (1853-1902) British-born South African prime minister, empire … The British Empire brought profound changes to the world—but in the decades since its rapid decline after World War II it has become a kind of a historical joke, sometimes in poor taste. Hoakley, David. They wear white clothes, the colour of innocence. Normally, he is strong and not ruled the Empire. Water Crane. The cartoon also emphasizes her female vulnerability, since she is not in control and is sitting demurely while the men talk about her. The British Empire Union (BEU) was created in the United Kingdom during the First World War, in 1916, after changing its name from the Anti-German Union, which had been founded in April 1915. Meadows, Jane. The British working class alone accounted for roughly 30% of the population of the entire empire outside India, and a far higher proportion of those producing for capitalist markets. The photo is thus a symbol of several kinds of success. 1. This category has the following 4 subcategories, out of 4 total. Has she lost her power and become reduced to the status of a Victorian woman? Willam Dyce painted it in Osborne House on the Isle of Wight. This shows a new side of Britannia, a Britannia, evolving with her time. The image of the mighty lion advancing with fear and in trepidation is a perfect analogy to the British and Imperial army flailing about in Southern Africa at this time. "The Indian Mutiny, the Siege of Cawnpore" (www.britishempire.co.uk). The term "the Great Game" was used well before the 19th century and was associated with games of risk, such as cards and dice. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z numbers, More cartoons with the keyword 'british empire'. Disadvantages for the British people and government Advantages for the people of the colonies The Britains integrated administrative systems in their colonies, that worked fairly well. The lion (red on yellow background) is the symbol of Scotland. "The sun never sets on the British Empire." 01 Jan 1885. A American revolution cow commerce cartoon (1778)‎ (6 F) American revolution cow commerce cartoon (1781)‎ (3 F) L The late nineteenth century was also the high-water mark of British imperialism. Answered How is the British Empire represented in the cartoon ? In the painting, revenge is conveyed by Britannia who is about to kill the Bengal Tiger, the symbol of the horrible Sepoys. 30 May 2013. Her allegorical figure became a genuine human face, but was it one that embodied or appropriated this national symbol? Women are looking up to her and men are looking at her as their equal. All gone. British cartoon published in 1919 commenting on events at Amritsar The National Archives > Education > British Empire The interactive parts of this resource no longer work, but it has been archived so you can continue using the rest of it. "Britannia and John Bull: From Birth to Maturity," Historian (6.4): 2000. Click on image to enlarge it. She’s sitting down next to John Bull and Benjamin Disraeli. Today many of the former colonies got Statistics of trade exchanges (in the white squares) in the different colonies are apparent and the lines represent the connections between the major ports of call. Subcategories. As we see in the cartoon from Fun above that shows her as a timid woman being led across a street, caricatures portray Britannia as a vulnerable woman in the context of domestic political struggles that potentially place her (and the entire nation) in peril. Click on image to enlarge it. This 1888 cartoon, published in Punch, shows John Bull, the personification of the United Kingdom, dabbling in Egyptian waters. The British Empire was composed of the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. The reign of King George III (1760–1820) saw the revival of rival political parties – Whig and Tory – after a 45-year hiatus, and revolutions in France and America demonstrated the vulnerabilities of European monarchies. A Study at the International Cattle Show. Britannia symbolises motherland and mother caring. [Click on images to enlarge them.]. In one of many cartoons on this theme, here Roosevelt is cutting off parts of the British Empire. Explore 'A satirical cartoon showing the wealth made from colonial rule in India, 1788', on the British Library's Georgian Britain website. The Electric Light Company. Second, by William Dyce is also worth mentioning. Dec 18, 2020 - Explore John Doles's board "Imperialism Political Cartoons" on Pinterest. Walton, Geri. This cartoon nicely illustrates this wavering in confidence that the Boer war brought to Britain and her empire. Barbarism is uncivilized ignorance that leads to cruelty whereas civilisation is about progress, evolution, and change, which was what the British wanted to bring in India. Neptune Resigning to Britannia the Empire of the Sea, His Last Decoration. Log in. Three lions are the symbol for England. “The Order of the Sack”. Both were symbols of power and national pride. Periodicals —> The image of the mighty lion advancing with fear and in trepidation is a perfect analogy to the British and Imperial army flailing about in Southern Africa at this time. In the 1840's, the British connected their monarch with Imperial Britain's triumphs around the world (Matthews, p.819). Courtesy of the national Portrait Gallery. Britannia is with a lion and other figures. Retribution by Edward Armitage provides an interesting example. 7 April 2016. . A Study at the International Cattle Show, No. Those were very often commissioned works approved by official agencies. Leech’s caricature at left depicts Britannia, the embodiment of strength and power, wearing her Roman helmet as a semi-divine woman and defender of Britain. Join now. When one looks closer, one sees that all the characters and animals and flora represent the parts of the world where the British empire is present and exercise some form of power. Readers of Punch, Fun, and other magazines with political cartoons would immediately recognize who Lady Wolverton represented in this tableau vivant. Each of the four cartoons above from Punch’s rival, Fun, use Britannia’s Roman helmet to identify her as the symbol of the United Kingdom, but Britannia’s relation to power varies widely from cartoon to cartoon. Domesticity is represented in this second drawing where Britannia is seen inside. Ask your question. From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository. This cartoon depicts Britannia as a daughter whose father (John Bull) speaks on her behalf to a suitor. Salting The Tail Graphic, London, England, 1930.To an Italian caricaturist the antisalt tax campaign conjures up the vision of Gandhi putting salt on the ferocious British lion's tail to tame it. 1846. An artist who writes and draws such images is known as an editorial cartoonist.They typically combine artistic skill, hyperbole and satire in order to question authority and draw attention to corruption, political violence and other social ills. Click on image to enlarge it. More than that, one has to bear in mind that Britannia was not simply the personification of the British Isles as a mere woman, for the sake of allegory, but was depicted as a goddess. British Empire, Colonial, colonial, colony, imperial,Cigarette Cards, collectors, collections, ogden, John Players, Stephen Luscombe Foreign Cartoons and their Views of the British Empire Satanic Claw g It often lasted even though colonies got independent. Add to Cart Filename She wears a crown of laurels symbol of victory. Caption: “The lion needs a haircut!” The United States was supplying England with desperately needed supplies by now. Punch, the satirical magazine that ran from 1841 to 2002, also contains many representations of Britannia. The British Empire comprised of Britain, the 'mother country', and the colonies, countries ruled to some degree by and from Britain. Very often Britannia was represented on coins, which was a political tool, for coins were used throughout the Empire. Throughout the Victorian Era, then, Britannia was an unchanging figure but she had many faces. She has Victoria's face and she denotes the power over the seas of the world owned by Britannia or/and the Queen. Britannia was then "rooted in the rise of nationalism as people's sense of national identity emerged" (Matthews, p.819) Therefore, "she played a role in the transitional stages leading to nationalism and the transformation of a state into a nation-state and a nation-state into an Empire" (Matthews, p.819). Lady Wolverton as Britannia. Click on image to enlarge it. Victims of satire were more likely to buy up editions or bribe publishers with a pension than resort to the courts (or worse) to k… In this Alternative time line, the British reach some higher peaks of their empire. It is rather easy to spot her as she always carries her attributes, either in an obvious or a subtle way. The story of the first viral image in American political history began in May 1754, when Franklin, then the … Imperialism In Afghanistan. This phrase was often used to describe the British Empire at the peak of its power as the largest empire in … During the nineteenth century, Britannia appeared on coins, paintings, statues, monuments and on many different printed works. She was used by the Roman Empire in order to stand for the defeated British Isles. The caption explains that “Britannia has the Industry of all-the-world and his wife, to spend a few months with … Courtesy Cornell University Library. It began with the overseas possessions and trading posts established by England between the late 16th and early 18th centuries. 1858. Britannia, as the embodiment of Great Britain, appeared well before the nineteenth-century’s Victorian Era. From December 1922 to summer 1952, it published a regular journal. Courtesy Leeds Art Gallery. “The Story in Paintings: William Dyce and the cliffs of time.” © CartoonStock Ltd. 2021All Rights Reserved. Poor loves. See more ideas about political cartoons, cartoon, history. A number of factors contributed to the flourishing of visual satire in late-18th-century Britain. Thus, when the Romans conquered part of the British Isles, their victory took a particular, strong signification in so far as they had defeated a goddess. The absence of absolutism in Britain carried with it a relative freedom of the press. A contemporary cartoon by Low depicting India and Ireland being forced to crawl before their imperial master. In Victorian times, women’s place was at home since it was synonymous with fertility and happiness in marriage, which were necessary for the well-being and prosperity of the nation and the Empire. She also echoes Athena's goddess role of the country assuming civic responsibilities and national duties. A political cartoon (by John Tenniel) depicts a lion (which represents the United Kingdom) as it snarls from behind a slavering bear (which represents Russia), accompanied by the text 'No you don't!' Left: His Last Decoration. Retribution. MIKE LANE'S cartoon depicting the British imperial lion losing its last tooth with the transfer of Hong Kong back to China reflects the historical antagonism to empire shared by … — Britannia has the Industry of all-the-world and his wife, to spend a few months with her, Imperial Federation Map of the World Showing the Extent of the British Empire in 1886, Unique histories from the 18th and 19th centuries. she's a person haggling with a figure representing British India over who will pay for the Afghanistan War supposedly in the defense of the South Asian colony. Punch, 33 (22 August 1857): 76-77.Scanned image by Philip V. Allingham. "Lauder, James Stack [James Lafayette] (1853-1923)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Matthews, Roy. Leech’s caricature at left depicts Britannia, the embodiment of strength and power, wearing her Roman helmet as a semi-divine woman and defender of Britain. Of many paintings which represent Britannia as a national and imperial figure, two seem particularly important because of their ideological dimensions. — Britannia has the Industry of all-the-world and his wife, to spend a few months with her From the Punch series, “Memorials of the Great Exhibition. - Times, Nov. 21. The threat to empire in India alongside ongoing rebellion in Ireland alarmed and incensed the British establishment, and its right wing politicians and commentators. ERUDIT, id.erudit.org/iderudit/012265ar). “He is a curious mixture of the lion, mule and octopus,” gobbling up territories along the route to India: Gibraltar, the Cape, Malta, Cyprus and the recently inaugurated Suez Canal. Salting the lion's tail became a favourite theme of foreign cartoonists around this time. The characters on the ground, a British woman and her child, are casualties. The French equivalent Le grand jeu dates back to at least 1585 and is associated with meanings of risk, chance and deception.. In this painting, Neptune is passing his crown, transferred by Mercury, to Britannia who holds a "silver trident in her right hand" (Hoakley). In this cartoon, the British lion and the Indian tiger look on in alarm as the Russian bear attacks the Afghan wolf. British Empire cartoons from Punch magazine by John Tenniel "Save Me From My Friends!". Most of the time, as the symbol of Great Britain’s political and imperial presence, she embodied the power of the British nation throughout the world. Britannia is allegorically a dynamic object indicating the geographical reality of the country by showing the rocky coast and the stormy sea (Scott). This photo taken at the Devonshire House ball in Piccadilly to celebrate Victoria's diamond jubilee on 2 July 1897 (Walton) shows yet another side to the figure of Britannia and its relation to nation and power.